/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_
r'gfj 3f]if0f kq
cfd–lgjf{rg
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b]zsf ;d:t lbbL–alxgLx?, bfh' efOx?df /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ n] cfˆgf] gLlt / sfo{qmdsf] ?kdf of] 3f]if0ffkq ;fb/ k|:t't u/]sf] 5 .
!= p2]Zo M
g]]kfnsf] /fli6«o xs lxtsf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{gnfO{ cfˆgf] k|yd bfloTj ;DemL ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq, hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf, ;+;bLo Joj:yf Pj+ ax'bnLo k|hftGq k|lt k|ltj4 /xL, pbf/ k|hftflGqs Pj+ dfgjclwsf/ o'Qm ;dfhsf] :yfkgf ug'{, g]kfnsf ;a} If]q, hflt hghflt / ju{sf] ;jf{ËL0f / ;Gt'lnt ljsf; ug'{ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ sf] p2]Zo xf] .
@= /fli6«otf / k|hftGq
xfd|f] b[li6df Pp6f /fi6« lglZrt ;Ldfleq a;]sf dflg;x/sf] ;d"xdfq xf]Og, /fi6« Pp6f o:tf] cl:tTj xf] hxfF x/]s gful/sn] Ps csf]{;+u cfˆgf]kg / cfTdLotfsf] efjgfsf] cfw/df afFRg] k|]/0ff / ;|f]tsf] cg'e"lt ub{5 . o;} sf/0f /fi6« agfpg] / /fli6«otf alnof] kfg]{ nIo lg/Gt/ sfod /xg] k|lqmof xf] . xfd|f] larf/df hgtfsf] OR5f / andf cfwfl/t k|hftGqdf c8]sf] /fhgLltn] g} /fi6« lgdf{0f ub{5 . ;an k|hftGqn] ;dfgtfsf] cfwf/df ljleGg ;d'bfox?sf] aLrdf ljZjf; / ;dembf/L Nofp5 / a9\bf] dfgjLo r]tgfsf] kl/k|]Iodf lg:sg] ljleGg dfu / cfsf+Iffx?nfO{ /fhg}lts /Ëd~rdf lg0f{osf] nflu ;+ul7t ?kdf cleJoQm ug]{ df}sf lbG5 . gful/sx?n] cfˆgf cfsf+Iff / dfux?nfO{ k|hftflGqs k|lqmofdf ;dfg?kn] k|ltlalDat ePsf] b]Vg yfn] kl5 /fli6«otfsf] cfwf/ klg ;an eP/ hfG5 .
#= / o; kIfdf xfd|f] kf6L{n] ;fg} cjlwdf klg 7"nf] of]ubfg u/]sf] 5
g]kfnsf] gbL ;femf eGg] jQmJosf] s8f k|ltjfb ug]{ xfdL g} xf}+, To;kl5 lg/Gt/ g} /fli6«o ;jfndf xfdL cu|;/ /x]sf 5f}+ . /fi6«sf] ;Ldf / hn;Dkbfdf xfd|f b[li6sf]0f ;bf g} :ki6 /x]sf 5g\ . xfdL cfˆgf] :jtGqtf / :jfledfg u'Dg glbg] ljifodf b[9 5f}+ . !(%) df ;DkGg g]kfn ef/t ;lGwdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ dfu xfdLn] k|:t't u/]sf 5f} . ;f] ;lGw /fli6«o ;Ddfgsf] cg's"n 5}g eGg] xfd|f] wf/0f 5 / nfdf] ;dosf] cGt/fndf Tof] To;} klg k'/fgf] eO{;s]sf] 5 .
dxfsfnL Plss[t ljsf; ;lGwdf /fli6«o ;xdlt sfod ePsf] xf]Og, ;+;bn] zt{;lxt cg'df]bg u/]sf] xf] t/ Tof] klg sfof{Gjog gePsf]n] o; ;lGwsf] cl:tTjdf g} ca k|Zg lrGx nfu]sf] 5 .
sfnfkfgL If]qsf] xfd|f] e"efu xfdLn] d'Qm gu/fP;Dd dxfsfnL ;DaGwL ;lGwx?n] cfˆgf] cfwf/ s;/L kfpg ;S5g\ eGg] csf]{ HjnGt k|Zg 5b} 5 .
/fli6«otf g} xfd|f] ;jf]{kl/ xf] . cg]s hflt hghflt ljleGg efiff / cjl:ylt /x]sf] o; b]zsf] ;+u7gsf] cfwf/ g} /fi6« xf], /fli6«o efjgf xf] .
$= @)$^ ;fndf ;Qfsf] kl/jt{g ePsf] xf] . of] g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df klxnf] 36gf xf] . ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf lglxt x'g cfof] . ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] /Iff ug]{ bfloTj hgk|ltlglwx?df cfof] . /fi6«leq lzlIft o'jf ju{df plAh/fv]sf] pbf;Lgtf / cGt/f{li6«o kl/jt{gsf]nx/ b'j} ldNg hfFbf g]kfndf kl/jt{g t eof] t/ kl/jt{g s] sf nflu eGg] p2]Zo :ki6 gePsf] hdft ;Qfdf k|lti7flkt eOlbof] . lgi7f / lhDd]jf/Lsf] /fhgLltsf] hu g} a:g ;s]g . /fli6«o :jfy{ / k|hftflGqs :jfy{ eGbf cfˆgf] kf6L{ :jfy{, kf6L{ leq klg u'6sf] :jfy{n] j9L k|>o kfof] . k|hftflGqs / ;+j}wflgs ljsf; :j:y ?kn] cl3 a9\g ;s]g .
kl/jt{gsf] cljwdf Pp6f zlQmsf] ;+ro / ljsf; eO/x]sf] lyof] :jfefljs ?kn] / :jfefljs cfsf+Iffn] . Tof] xf] /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ . of] zlQm /fli6«o k|Zg a'em\g / /fli6«o k|Zg p7fpg ;dy{ /x]sf] 5 . /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ n] ;dli6 g]kfnnfO{ c+ufn]/ lx+8]sf] 5 . of] Ps lhDd]jf/ /fli6«o zlQmsf] ?kdf plbt ePsf] 5 . o;n] k|ltkfbg u/]sf] /fli6«otf, k|hftGq / pbf/jfbsf] l;4fGtn] g} g]kfnnfO{ ;xL lbzf k|bfg ug{ ;S5 . ;fDojfb / ;dfhjfbsf cg'ofoLx?n] klg clxn] pbf/jfbs} l;4fGtnfO{ ckgfpg' k/]sf] 5 .
o;n] cfˆgf] d"n 3f]if0ff kqdf / ;do–;dodf k|:tfj Pj+ dGtJodf cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f lj:tf/ ;fy :ki6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . oxfF ;fdlos ljifodf plAhPsf s]xL k|Zgdf rrf{ ul/G5 .
-s_ ;+j}wflgs ljsf; cyf{t ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/]sf clwsf/sf] pkef]u x'g kfPsf] 5}g . ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf cg'?k lgod sfg"g ag]gg\ eg] Tof] qf;k"0f{ x'G5 . ;fj{hlgs ck/fw / ;+hfo P]g klxn] eGbf emg hl6n 5, w/f}6Lsf] /sd h;/L a9fOPsf] 5 Tof] ;Qfdf a:g]n] t;f{pg] pkfosf] ?kdf k|of]u eO/x]sf] 5 eg] ;/sf/n] v'b unt sfd u¥of] eg] To;sf] Ifltk"lt{ klg ;/sf/n] Joxf]g'{ k5{ eGg] sfg"gsf] lgdf{0f cem} ePsf] 5}g . o; k|sf/ ;+ljwfgsf] efjgf s'l07t 5 . b]zdf clxn] zflGt ;'/Iffsf] l:ylt qf;k"0f{ 5 . lgbf]{ifx? klg df/df k/]sf 5g\ . b]zsf s]xL e"efudf ;fdfGo gful/sx?sf] hLjg eofjx cj:yfdf r]lkPsf] 5, lklN;Psf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLx?n] k|hftGqsf] af6f] 5f8], To;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ nfUg] ;/sf/n] 7fpF 7fpFdf sfg"g / dof{bf g} 5fl8lbof] .
-v_ k//fi6« ;DaGwdf xfd|f] t6:ytfsf] h'g JofVof 5 ToxL clxn] klg plQs} ;fdlos 5 . To;sf] b[9tfsf] ;fy kfngf x'g'k5{ . /fk|kf -rGb_ cfˆgf] k+rzLndf cfwfl/t c;+nUgtf Pj+ t6:ytfk|lt lgi7f / b[9tf sfod /fVg rfxG5 .
-u_ e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;d:of – cfh of] ;d:of låkIfLo elgP tfklg o;df ef/tnfO{ ;+nUg gu/fO{ ;'lNemPnf h:tf] nfUb}g . o;k|sf/sf] z/0ffyL{ rfk g]kfnn] wfGg ;Sb}g . sfnfGt/df of] rfk ef/tlt/ g;nf{ / Û
-3_ t/fOjf;L hghflt / lk5l8Psf] If]qsf] ljifodf /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ ljz]if rf;f] /fVb5 / ljz]if ;Ddfg / sfo{qmd lbg rfxG5 . /fli6«otfsf] k|j4{gsf nflu t/fOjf;L / hghfltsf] pTyfg clgjfo{ 5 . k|To]s If]q / hfltsf dfG5]nfO{ /fli6«o d"n k|jfxdf ;dfg?kn] ;xefuL agfpg] l;4fGt / cfof]hgfx?sf] cg';/0f ul/g]5 . xfd|f] kf6L{n] cfˆgf] ljwfgdf g} blnt ju{ / dlxnf ju{sf] k|ltlglwTjnfO{ j9L :yfg ;'/lIft ug{ vf]h]sf] 5 . To;}cg';f/ sfo{qmd klg agfOg] 5 .
$= dfly rrf{ ul/P h:t} ;fDojfbL / ;dfhjfbLx?n] clxn] t pbf/jfbs} af6f] lng' k/]sf] 5 . ;dfhsf] Ps ;+/rgfdf of] /fd|f] ;xofqf xf] . t/ JolQmut ;DklQ cfh{t ug{ xf]8jfhL ug]{, ;'v;'ljwf j9L vf]Hg], cfrf/ / sfo{qmd k|lt:kwf{Tds lbg] clg jfdsf] gfddf cfd hgtfnfO{ / o'jfx?nfO{ u'd/fx ug]{ 9sf];nf klg oxfF rNb} 5 . cfkm} c:tfPsf] larf/ af]s]/ lx+8g] clg c?nfO{ k'/ftgkGyL / blIf0fkGyL eGg]x?sf] lk7f] cem laSb} /xg' of] Ps lj9Dagf xf], o:tf 9sf];nf / lj8Dagfaf6 klg o;} cfd r'gfjsf] k|;+udf hgtfn] d'lQm lng'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] 3f/0ff 5 .
cfly{s l:yltsf] Ps Pltxfl;s l;+xfnf]sg
gf} jif{ klxn] g]kfnsf] v'b j}b]lzs C0fef/ s]jn #) ca{ -k|lt g]kfnL ?= @))) eGbf sd_ a/fa/ lyof] eg] clxn] !*) cj{ k'u]sf] cg'dfg 5, cyf{t k|lt g]kfnL em08} ?=())) 5 .
)$^ ;fn;Ddsf] cjlwdf v'b j}b]lzs C0f #) cj{ x'Fbf b]zdf pbok'/, lxdfn / x]6f}8f l;d]G6 sf/vfgf, hgsk'/ r'/f]6 sf/vfgf, jL/u+h lrgL sf/vfgf, afnfh' oGqzfnf, 5fnf h'Qf sf/vfgf, e[s'6L sfuh sf/vfgf ljleGg O{§f 6fon / s[lif cf}hf/ sf/vfgfx?, sk8f pBf]ux? tyf b]zsf ljleGg 7fpFdf cf}Bf]lus If]qx? nufot zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgud, ;femf oftfoft, b"/ ;~rf/, /]l8of] g]kfn, g]kfn 6]lnlehg, uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg, @#) d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf hnljB't, cg]sf}+ /fhdfu{x? cGo ;8s, k'n / x'nfsL ;8ssf] k"jf{wf/, b]zdf xjfO{ c9\8f, ufpF–ufpFdf lzIff / lhNnf–lhNnfdf :jf:Yo ;]jf, b]ze/af6 cf}nf], ljkm/ pGd"ng, zx/L / u|fld0f If]qx?df vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yf tyf bh{gf} s'6gLlts lgof]u h:tf ef}lts, ;fdflhs / /fhg}lts k"jf{wf/x? v8f ul/Psf lyP eg] ljut gf} jif{df s] o:tf gofF k"jf{wf/x? v8f eP < h;sf] nflu yk !%) cj{sf] j}b]lzs C0f g]kfnn] af]Sg' k¥of] . s'/f :ki6 5 ls clxn] ljb]zL C0f / ;xof]usf] Jofks b'?kof]u ePsf] 5 . pN6f] klxn] v8f ePsf ;+:yfg / pBf]ux? jf:tljs d"NoeGbf w]/} sd d"Nodf a]lrPsf 5g\ . kmn:j?k ul/jLsf] /]vfd'lgsf ;+Vof a9\of] . a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;+Vof a9\of], o'jf zlQm /f]huf/sf] nfuL knfog eof] . b]z cem bnbnlt/ efl;b} uPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ arfpg df}lns, b|'tt/ tyf cfd"n kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsg] sfo{qmdsf] vfFrf] ePsf] 5 . t;y{ /fk|kf -rGb_ n] s]jn ;:tf / r'gfjL gf/fdf dfq cfwfl/t geP/ lbuf] ?kdf /fi6«sf] lxt / sNof0f x'g] bL3{sflng of]hgf sfo{qmdx? hg;dIf cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 .
cfly{s gLlt
/fk|kf -rGb_ pbf/jfbL cy{gLlt cGtu{t Pp6f ;zQm v'zxfn / cfTdlge{/ cy{gLlt cjnDag ub{5 . ;fdflhs Gofo pknJw u/fpg, ul/jL pGd"ng ug{, b]zsf] cfly{s j[l4b/ a9fpg kf6L{sf] k|ltj4tf eP cg'?k kf6L{ gLltsf] s]Gb|ljGb' u/Lj / sdhf]/ ju{x? g} x'g .
cfly{s ;+/rgf
ljsl;t tyf ljsf;f]Gd'v /fi6«x?sf] Oltxf; ;fIfL 5 ls s[lif k|wfg b]zdf hj;Dd s[lifdf qmflGt -xl/t qmflGt_ x'Fb}g Tof] b]z cfly{s ljsf;df cToGt k5fl8 kb}{ hfG5 . /fk|kf -rGb_ sf] :ki6 wf/0f 5 ls s[lifdf qmflGt gu/L cf}Bf]lus qmflGt ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g . s[lif / pBf]usf] qmflGtaf6 g} :j:y u|fdL0f cy{tGqsf] :yfkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . ufpFufpFdf, zx/–zx/df :j/f]huf/sf] ljsf; ePdf dfq lzlIft clzlIft a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g ;S5 . clg dfq u/LjL pGd"ng ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf] nflu s[lif If]qsf] cfw'lgsLs/0f / ljljwLs/0f ug{ lgDg lnlvt k"jf{wf/x? ljsl;t ug{ kf6L{ sl6j4 5 .
!_ l;+rfO{sf] cj:yf M Pp6f lglZrt cljlwleq b]znfO{ l;+rfO{sf] If]qdf cfTdlge{/ u/fpg] .
@_ ljB't M o;sf] nflu / l;+rfO{sf] nfluklg b]zdf /x]sf ckf/ hnzlQmsf] pkof]u ug{ Pp6f lglZrt cjlwleq of]hgfx? k"/f ug]{ / u|fdL0f If]qdf s[lif ljB'tLs/0f ug{ ljz]if hf]8 lbOg] 5 .
#_ hn;|f]t M o;sf] ljsf;sf] ;DaGwdf /fk|kf -rGb_ n] :ki6 b'li6sf]0f /fvL Pp6f 7f]; gLlt ckgfpg] 5 . l;+rfO{ / ljB't ;DaGwdf 7f]; sfo{qmd lbOg] 5 . af9L lgoGq0f ug]{ pkfo / gbL s6fg /f]Sg t6aGwsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . hn;|f]t dfdnfdf g]kfn ljZjdf bf];|f] :yfg /fVb5 . To;sf/0f hn;|f]tsf] ljsf;n] cGt/f{li6«o :t/df klg 7"nf] :yfg cf]u6g ;Sg] x'gfn] o;af6 k|ToIf nfe lng 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmd ckgfOg] 5 .
$_ oftfoft M b]zsf b'u{d lhNnfx?nfO{ oftfoftsf] ljsf; u/L Pp6f lglZrt cjlwleq ;'ud agfpg] / ;'ud lhNnfx?sf ufpF ufpFdf oftfoftsf] ljsf; ug]{ gLlt lnOg] 5 . s[lif ;8s agfpg ljz]if Wofg lbOg] 5 .
%_ ahf/ s]Gb| / zLt e08f/sf] :yfkgf M clw/fHosf 7fpF 7fpFdf zLt e08f/sf] :yfkgf ug]{ / ahf/ s]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgf ug]{ .
^_ ;xsf/L cfGbf]ng M s[ifsx?n] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] plrt d"No kfpg s[lif pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg' / s[lifdf cfwfl/t :yfgLo pBf]ux?sf] ljsf; ug'{sf] ;fy} ahf/ Joj:yfsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
&_ cfofltt Pj+ lgof{t of]Uo s[lifhGo pTkfbgsf] nflu s[lifsx?nfO{ ljz]if ;x'lnot pknJw u/fOg] 5 .
*_ a}+lsË Joj:yf M u|fdL0f If]qsf] s[lif / pBf]usf] nflu 6]jf k'¥ofpg] tyf Jofh b/ Go"g ug]{ tyf ljsf; a}+sn] lnO/x]sf] rqm j[l4 Jofh x6fpgsf] ;fy} shf{ Uof/]G6L s/ vf/]h ug]{ .
o; k|sf/ s[lif / cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] pTkfbg / pTkfbsTjdf j[l4 u/L b]znfO{ cfTdlge{/tflt/ pGd'v u/fO{ b]zsf] cy{tGqnfO{ ;'b[9 kfl/g] 5 .
(_ k"jf{wf/x? v8f gePsf 7fpFdf ;/sf/n] ljsf; cfof]hgf g} lbO/x]sf] 5}g . of] l:yltsf] cGTo u/L k"jf{wf/x? v8f gePsf 7fpFdf ljsf; sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjog ug{ k|fyldstf lbg] .
!)_ lxdfnL e]udf kz'kfngsf] nflu ljz]if sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g] 5 . % jif{;Dd lgJof{hL C0f lbOg] 5 .
!!_ b]zel/ kmnkm"n afuafgLsf] v]tL ug]{nfO{ % k|ltzt dfq} Jofh lng] Joj:yf ldnfOg] 5 .
!@_ lrof v]tLdf ;/sf/L:t/af6 cgfjZos x:tIf]k x6fOg] 5 / lghLs/0fsf] cf}lrTo x]l/g]5 .
!#_ e"sDk kLl8tx?sf] ;Dk"0f{ C0f ldGxf ul/g] 5 .
lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] If]qdf cTofw'lgs ljsf;n] ubf{ ljZjdf /fi6«x?sf] aLrdf cfk;L lge{/tf j9b} uO/x]sf] 5 . ljZj Jofkf/df pbf/jfb / k"FrLsf] xnrnn] ubf{ klg o; /j}ofdf lgs} ;3fp k'¥ofPsf] 5 . xfdLn] cfˆgf pTkfbg / pTkfbsTj j9fpgsf] ;fy} k|lt:kwf{d"ns cy{ Joj:yf klg sfod /fVg ;Sg' k5{ . geo u/Lj b]z emgemg u/Lj x'Fb} hfG5g . /fk|kf -rGb_ ljZjdf /fi6«x?sf] lge{/tfaf6 g]kfnn] k"0f{tof nfe lng ;sf]; eGg] s'/fdf b[9 5 . t/ o;f] ubf{ xfdLn] cfˆgf] :jtGqtf / ;fj{ef]ldstf;+u s'g} klg k|sf/sf] ;Demf}tf ub}{gf}+ .
ljsf;sf] ultnfO{ cufl8 j9fpg ljb]zL lgj]zn] b]zdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;S5 . t/ o;f] ubf{ :jb]zL ;|f]t kl/rfngsf] ljsNkdf ljb]zL lgj]znfO{sbflk :jLsfb}gf}+ . o;k|sf/ ljb]zL lgj]znfO{ ;Ldf / kl/lwleq g} /fVg] kf6L{sf] wf/0f xf] . ljb]zL lgj]z lgof{t d"ns lqmofsnfk / k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;lt/ g} lgb]{lzt x'G5 . :jb]zL pBf]ux?nfO{ ljz]if u/]/ ;fgf / demf}nfnfO{ k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] nflu cg'bfg / ;x'lnot k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
;fwf/0ftof sd ;dodf w]/} d'gfkmf eGg] wf/0ff gLlh If]qsf lgj]zstf{sf] x'g] ub{5 . clxn] b]zdf ;/sf/L / lghL:t/df ;d]t u/L w]/} pBf]ux?sf] :yfkgf eof] t/ To;df ;'wf/ ePg . ;/sf/L :t/df /x]sf pBf]uwGbfx?df Psflt/ ;'wf/ ug]{ r'gf}lt 5 eg] csf]{lt/ hgtfsf] cfjZostf, ?lr / lxt;+u k|ToIf ;DalGwt pBf]ux? h;nfO{ lghL If]qn] ;~rfng ug{ rfx]g eg] To; ;do ;/sf/n] cu'jfO{ u/L To:tf pBf]u ;~rfng ug]{ 5 . t/ ;/sf/L :t/df /x]sf] pBf]ux? w]/} ;/sf/n] ;~rfng ul//g' kb}{g . o;nfO{ lghL If]qnfO{ ;'Dkg' kb{5 .
s[lif pBf]usf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ >ldsx?sf] xs lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL Psflt/ zf]if0f ug{ glbg] jftfj/0fsf] >[hgf ul/g] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ >ldsx?nfO{ ljsl;t kf/L ;x'lnot lb+b} ul/g] 5 .
t/fO{ If]qsf ahf/x/ lbg k|ltlbg ;'Sb} uO/x]sf 5g . /fhZj glt/L dfnsf] cf];f/k;f/ v'Nnf ;Ldfgfdf k|z:t ?kdf j9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . csf]{lt/ ;/sf/sf] eG;f/ gLlt Jofjxfl/s gePsf]n] ;Ldfgfdf /x]sf ef/tLo ahf/x? u'Nhf/ e}/x]sf 5g\ . /fk|kf -rGb_ n] v'nf ;Ldfgfdf eO/x]sf cglws[t Jofkf/dfly s8fOsf ;fy lgoGq0f u/L Jojxfl/s eG;f/ gLlt cjnDag ug]{ 5 .
cfbz{ ufpFa:tL
g]kfn ufpF g} ufpFsf] b]z ePsf]n] ePs} ufpFx?nfO{ qmlds ?kdf Jojl:yt / ;'wf/ ub}{ hfg] /fk|kf -rGb_ sf] nIo /x]sf] 5 . cgfjZos ljb]zL C0f lnP/ zx/ agfpg'sf] ;§f b]zsf] k|To]s ufpFnfO{ ;'wf/ / d/Ddt u/L df]8]nsf] ?kdf :yflkt ub}{ hfg] 5 . cfly{s ;+/rgfdf pNn]v ePsf k"jf{wf/x?sf] :yfkgf ug'{sf ;fy} vfg]kfgL, lzIff, :jf:Yo, 6]lnkmf]g, x'nfs ;DaGwL ;'ljwfx? x'g] 5g . zx/L If]qsf a:tLnfO{ of]hgfj4 tl/sfn] Jojl:yt ul/g] 5 . zx/L If]qsf] vfg]kfgLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ljz]if sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g] 5 .
ko{6g
ko{6gaf6 g]kfn] s] kfpF5 < ! 8n/df !) ;]G6 g]kfnn] kfpnf afFsL () ;]G6 ljb]zd} hfG5 . l;of]b]lv lnP/ h'Qfsf] lkmQf;Dd ;j} ljb]zaf6 g} cfoft ul/G5 . To;sf/0f cfly{s ;+/rgf ;'wf/ ub}{ hfg' k5{, o;f] x'Fbf pBf]u Jofkf/ /fd|/L km:6fpg'sf] ;fy} lgDg s'/fx?df Wofg k'¥ofpg] 5 .
!_ b]zsf] k|j]z ljGb'b]lv lnP/ e|d0fsfn;Dd logLx?nfO{ ;x'lnot / ;'/Iff k|bfg ug]{ .
@_ /fhwfgL nufot lhNnf lhNnfx?nfO{ kmf]x/ / k|b"if0faf6 d'Qm /fVg] .
#_ ko{6sx?nfO{ j9L eGbf j9L lbg;Dd s;/L l6sfpg], o;sf] pkfo ug]{ .
$_ b]zsf] df}lnstfsf] ;+/If0f u/L P]ltxfl;s, wfld{s, ;f+:s[lts / k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tf ePsf] :ynx?sf] ljsf; ug]{ .
lzIff
!_ lzIffsf] If]qdf b]lvPsf] c;dfgtf, zx/L / u|fdL0f If]qaLr, dlxnf / k'?ifaLr, ;'ud / b'u{d If]q jLrsf] c;dfgtf x6fO{ lzIffdf ;dfgtfsf] 7f]; gLlt ckgfO{ ælzIff ;a}sf] nfluÆ sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L t/Lsfn] sfof{Gjog ul/g] 5 .
@_ ;fIf/tf cleofg tLj| kfg{ sIff ! b]lv !) ;Ddsf] ljBfyL{x? k7fO{ 5f]8g]
#_ lbg k|ltlbg lzIffsf] If]qdf u'0ffTds :t/ Go"g x'Fb} uO/x]sf]n] lzIffsf] If]qnfO{ /fhgLltaf6 6f9f /fVg / lzIffsf] u'0ffTds :t/nfO{ blIf0f Plzofsf] dfkb08df Tofpg 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g] 5 .
$_ /fli6«o cfosf] l:yltnfO{ dWogh/ /fvL lzIffnfO{ qmlds ?kdf lgMz'Ns ub}{ nlug] 5 .
%_ lzIffsf] If]qdf b]lvPsf cGof}n / c/fhstfnfO{ 7f]; t/Lsfn] lgoGq0f ul/g] 5 .
^_ b]zaflx/ klg sfd nfUg] lzIff / tflndsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
&_ lghL If]qdf ;~rfng eO/x]sf af]l8{Ëx?sf] Jofkfl/s/0fnfO{ lgoGq0f ul/g] 5 .
;a}sf] nflu :jf:Yo ;]jf
!_ zx/L If]q, u|fdL0f If]q, ;'ud If]q / b'u{d If]qx?df ;dfg?kdf :jf:Yo ;]jf pknJw u/fpg 7f]; gLlt ckgfOg] 5 .
@_ clxn] ePs} :jf:Yo rf}sLx?df cf}ifwLsf] ljt/0f Joj:yf / lrlsT;ssf] pkl:yltnfO{ s7f]/tfsf ;fy gLlt ckgfO{ hgtfnfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'ne u/fOg] 5 .
#_ k|To]s uflj;df :jf:Yo rf}lsx?sf] lj:tf/ ub}{ hfg], If]qLo c:ktfnx?sf] :yfkgf ub}{ hfg'sf ;fy} ePs} c+rn / lhNnf c:ktfnx?sf] Joj:yfdf ;'wf/ ug]{ gLlt ckgfOg] 5 .
$_ cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwLsf] lj:tf/ / ljsf; ug{ 7f]; gLlt ckgfOg] 5 .
%_ b]zdf c/j}+ c/jsf] cf}ifwL cfoft ul/G5 . Pnf]Koflys / cfo'j]{lbs cf}ifwLsf] cfjZos pTkfbg u/L cf}ifwL pTkfbg If]qnfO{ cfTdlge{/ agfOg] 5 / lgof{t ug]{ nIo /flvg] 5 .
^_ kl/jf/ lgof]hg, dft[lzz' sNof0f, kf}li6s / ;Gt'lnt cfxf/, :jf:Yo tflnd OToflbsf] nflu k|efjsf/L gLlt cjnDag ul/g] 5 .
hg;+Vof / gful/stf
!_ b]zsf] hg;+Vof @ s/f]8 5 eGg] s'/f /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o hutdf /fi6«n] dfGotf lbO;s]sf] 5 t/ oL @ s/f]8n] gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq kfPsf 5}gg\ . b]zsf] hg;+Vofn] gful/stf k|df0fkq kfpgaf6 al~rt x'g' :jo+df lj/f]wfefif5 . o; ;DaGwdf kf6L{sf] wf/0ff cg'?k b]zsf] dfGotf k|fKt hg;+Vofn] gful/stf k|df0fkq kfpg} k5{ . To;sf] nflu rfx] P]gdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ k5{ ls ;+ljwfgdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/f];\ o; ljifodf /fk|kf -rGb_ b[9 5 .
@_ gful/stf gkfPsf] hg;+Vof b]zleq} 5 . b]zsf] k|To]s If]q;+u ;Da4 5g / h] hlt cfh{g u5{g\ gful/stfsf] cefjdf b]zdf nufgL ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . afWotfaz cfh{g u/]sf] wg ljb]z hfg] u5{ . /fi6«sf] of] 7'nf] gf]S;fgL 7"nf kf6L{x?sf] cb'/blz{tfn] ubf{ b]z / b]zjf;Lx?n] Joxf]g{ kl//x]sf] 5 . o; ljifodf /fk|kf -rGb_ cToGt} ;+j]bgzLn 5 / k|i6 b[li6sf]0f /fVb5 .
-s_ c+uLs[t gful/stf kfPsf gful/sx?sf 5f]/f5f]/Lx?n] g]kfndf a;f]af; u/]b]lv :jtM gful/stf kpg} k5{ .
-v_ g]kfnL gful/sn] ljb]zL s]6L;+u ljjfx u/]df pQm s]6Ln] gful/stf kfpg] k|lqmof cem ;/n / ;xh agfOg] 5 .
-u_ Ps k6s ;Fw}sf] nflu gful/stf gLlt cjnDag u/L g]kfnL gful/sx?nfO{ gful/stf k|df0fkq lbOg] 5 .
dlxnf ;zlQms/0f M b]zsf] hg;+Vofdf dlxnfx?n] dxTjk"0-{ :yfg cf]u6]sf 5g\ . hg;+Vofsf] t'ngfdf dlxnfx? cfh k|To]s If]qdf lk5l8Psf 5g\ . dlxnfx?sf] ;zlQms/0f geO{ b]z cufl8 j9\g ;Sb}g . To;sf/0f dlxnfx?nfO{ k|To]s If]qdf ;zQm t'Nofpg /fk|kf -rGb_ n] sl6a4 eO{ 7f]; gLlt ckgfpg] 5 .
cflbjf;L, hghflt, t/fO{jf;L, blnt / pTkLl8t M
!= xfd|f] ;+ljwfgn] ;dfg cj;/ k|bfg ub{5 . t/ ha;Dd cflbjf;L, hghflt, t/fO{sf hghflt, blnt, pTkLl8tx?nfO{ c?sf] ;dfgtfdf Nofpg] k|fjwfgsf] Joj:yf x'Fb}g of] ;dfg cj;/sf] k|fjwfgaf6 logLx? slxn] cufl8 a9\g ;Sb}gg\, ljsf; x'g ;Sb|g\ .
@= To;sf/0f oL ju{x?sf] nflu ;+ljwfgdf ;+zf]wg u/L s]xL lglZrt cjlw;Dd cf/If0fsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
#= $ j0f{ #^ hftsf] km"njf/Ldf logLx?n] cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ :yfg cf]u6]sf 5g\ . logLx?sf] ljsf; geO{ b]zsf] ljsf; x'g ;Sb}g . To;sf/0f logLx?nfO{ /fhg}lts, k|zf;lgs, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, z}lIfs If]qdf ljz]if 6]jf lbO{ /fi6« lgdf{0f / ljsf;sf] d"n k|jfxdf k|jflxt ug{ ljz]if cj;/ k|bfg ug{ kf6L{ sl6j4 5 .
$= blnt 5fqfx?nfO{ sIff % ;Dd vfhfeQf dlxgfsf] ?= !)) -Ps ;o_ lbg] tyf blnt j[4j[4fx?nfO{ dlxgfsf] @)) j[4j4f eQf lbg] / ltgsf pd]/sf] xb ^) jif{df NofOg] 5 .
%= ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+34f/f kfl/t cflbjf;L hghfltsf] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/nfO{ kl/rfng ug{ 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmd NofOg] 5 .
sdf]Oof M
yf? efiffdf sdfpg]nfO{ sdf]Oof elgG5 . /fi6« ;]jsx? klg sdf]Oof x'g / xf]6ndf ef8f ;kmf ug]{ kgL sdf]Oof x'g\ . t/ of] s[lifsf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ sdf]Oofsf] ljifo xf] . sdf]Oof yf? hfltdf s[lifsf] If]qdf sfd ug]{x?sf] k'/fk"j{sfnb]lv Pp6f k|0ffnL xf] . ds/ ;+qmflGt dflg;s]kl5 ls;fgx?sxfF sdfpg] sdf]Oof / ls;fgaLrsf] jif{el/ sfd ug]{ Pp6f ;Demf}tf xf] . clxn] o; k|0ffnLdf ljs[lt b]vfk/]sf] 5 / l3gnfUbf zf]if0f k|lqmofx? klg b]vfk/]sf 5g . zf]if0faf6 d'lQm lbnfpg kf6L{ sdf]Oofx?sf] k]zfdf ljljwLs/0fdf ljZjf; /fVb5 / k]zfsf] ;Lkaf/] tflnd lbO{ pgLx?nfO{ bIf agfpg] kf6L{sf] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . sdf]Oofx?nfO{ s'g} klg k|sf/sf] zf]if0f x'g glbg kf6L{ b[9 5 .
;'s'Djf;L M
;'s'Djf;L ;d:of ;/sf/L :t/af6 agfO{Psf] ;d:of xf] . 7"nf kf6L{x?n] ;Qfdf /xFbf o; ;d:ofnfO{ /fhgLlts/0f ubf{ emg emg ;d:ofn] ljsf/fn ?k ln+b} uO/x]sf] 5 . kf6L{ o; ;d:ofk|lt ;Da]bgzLn / uDeL/ 5 . /fk|kf -rGb_ n] æhf]t / af;Æ sf] cfwf/df o; ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg b[9tfsf ;fy nfu" ug]{ 5 .
;fdflhs ;'/Iff M
j[4, c;xfo, ckfËnfO{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff
(Social Security) sf] sfo{qmd lbOg] 5 . t/ o:tf] sfo{qmd lb+bf ;+:yfut ljsf; ug]{ x]t'n] :yfgLo lgsfo, ;fdflhs ;+:yf, /fhg}lts bnx?sf] ;dGjodf k|To]s lhNnfdf ;+:yf vf]lng] 5 . h;åf/f lgDg sfo{x? ul/g] 5g\ .-s_ jf:tljs ul/j tyf kl/jf/af6 ckx]lnt j[4j[4fx?sf] klxrfg u/L cfjZosLo a;f]jf;, nQfsk8f, vfgf, k|}f9 lzIff, :yf:Yo, wd{sd{, sfhlqmofsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
-v_ ckfË / 6'x'/f afnaflnsfx?sf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ;+:yfut ?kdf ul/g] 5 .
-u_ c;xfo, o'jf, ljwjfx?sf] lglDt of]Uotf / ;Lk cg';f/ /f]huf/L / dfgjf]lrt hLjg lgjf{xsf] Joj:yf ul/g] 5 .
-3_ vft]x?nfO{ tflnd lbO{ Jojl:yt ul/g] 5 .
>d / dhb"/ M
b]zsf] >d / dhb"/x?sf] xs, lxt / ljsf;sf] k|ToIf ;DaGw b]zsf] j]/f]huf/L / u/LjL;+u 5 . cyf{t j]/f]huf/L ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lbg g;Sgfn] b]zsf] >d v]/ uO/x]sf]5 . ;/sf/L ;t/af6 NofOPsf] >d P]g klg k|efjzfnL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . a]Unfa]Un} If]qsf] a]Unfa]Un} P]g / k|fljlws s]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgfsf] clxn] cfjZostf 5 . h:t} un}+rfsf] >d P]g / k|fljlws s]Gb| 5'§} x'g' kg]{df Pp6}df 5 . lzlIft / clzlIft, zx/L / u|fld0f ;j} vfn] >lds j]/f]huf/ 5g . oL ju{nfO{ sfd klg 5}g bfd klg 5}g . o;sf] pkrf/sf] nflu efjL cfly{s ;+/rgfdf pNn]v ePcg';f/ s[lif / pBf]usf] If]qdf qmflGt u/L :j/f]huf/sf] Joj:yf u/L a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ul/g] 5 . of] sfo{qmd /fk|kf -rGb_ n] o'4:t/df nfu" ug]{ 5 .
b]zsf dhb"/sf] cj:yf cToGt bogLo 5 . sxL plrt Hofnf kfO/x]sf 5}gg eg] clxn] gf}nf] ;d:of b]vfk/]sf] 5 . dhb"/x?;+u sfd lng] ;+:yf jf JolQmx? dhb"/x?nfO{ Hofnf;Dd klg lbb}+gg\ . dhb"/x?n] sxfF uP/ ph'/ ug]{ < k|ToIf / cljnDa sf/jfxL x'Fb}g . dhb"/L ug]{ ls ph'/L ug{ hfg] < 7"nf] ;d:of b]vfk/]sf] 5 . ;j{k|yd dhb"/x?nfO{ ;'/Iff / Hofnf kfpg] Uof/]G6L rflxof] . /fk|kf -rGb_ dhb'/x?sf] plrt Hofnf pknJw u/fpgsf] ;fy} c? xs, lxt / ljsf; ug]{ b[9tf JoQm ub{5 .
efiff, ;+:s[lt, ;flxTo M
ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs, ax'wfld{s, ax';f+:s[lts ePs]f b]z g]kfn ljleGgtfdf Pstf /fVb5 . of] xfd|f] /fli6«o ljz]iftf xf] . of] k'vf}{nL ;DklQnfO{ xfdLn] hf]ufP/ /fVg ;Sg' kb{5 . o;sf] nflu xfdLn] tL kIfx?nfO{ cem k|v/ / ;zQm kfg'{ ;dosf] dfu xf] . logLx?sf] ;dfg ljsf; s;/L ug]{ < oL ljifox?nfO{ lzIffsf] k|f/lDes :t/;Fu hf]8]/ nfg' kg]{ 5 eg] csf]{lt/ k|1f k|lti7fg h:tf cg';Gwfg ug]{ ;+:yf nufot c? ;+3 ;+:yfx? efiff, ;+:s[lt, ;flxTosf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ lhDd]jf/L lng' kg]{ 5 . o; ;DaGwdf /fk|kf -rGb_ n] cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L :jLsf/ ub}{ Pp6f 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmd Nofpg] 5 . g]kfndf /fli6«o efiffx? w]/} 5g\ . s'g} t ljsl;t ;flxTon] klg ;DkGg 5g . ;a} /fli6«o efiffx?sf] ljsf; ug'{ kg]{ 5 . o;sf] ;fy} cfˆgf]–cfˆgf] dft[ efiffdf afnaflnsfn] lzIff k|fKt ug]{ cj;/ kfpg' k5{ eGg] ljifo ljjfb/lxt 5 . o;nfO{ s;/L Jofjxfl/s agfpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljifodf lj:t[t vf]h / of]hgf agfpg kg]{ 5 .
e"=k"= ;}lgs M
e'=k"= ;}lgs / k|x/L o:tf] l;kd"ns ju{ xf] h;sf] ;b'kof]u /fi6«n] ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . logn] cfˆgf] ;]jf cjlwdf /Iff, ;'/Iffsf] tflndsf] ;fy} c? tflnd k|fKt u/]sf x'G5g . logLx?df ;Lk / bIftfsf] h'g Ifdtf xf] To;nfO{ ;dfh / /fi6«n] u|x0f ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . /fk|kf -rGb_ n] e"=k"= ;}lgs / k|x/Lx?sf] xs, lxtsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;Da4{g ug{sf] ;fy} logLx?sf] IfdtfnfO{ ;b'kof]u ug{ u/fpg Pp6f 7f]; sfo{qmd Nofpg] 5 . ljz]if u/]/ d}slgsn / 6]ln sDo'lgs]zg tyf o:t} c? s'g} ljifodf ltgsf] l;ksf] pkof]u lul/g] 5 .
wd{ / ;+:s[lt M
xfd|f] wd{ / ;+:s[lt ZjfZjt 5, o;df xfdL uj{ ub{5f} . clxn] ljZjdf lj1fg / k|fljwsf] If]qdf ePsf] b\'t ultsf] ljsf;n] xfd|f] wd{ / ;+:s[ltdf klg k|efj kf/]sf] 5 . ;f] k|efj ;sf/fTds eGbf klg gsf/fTds j9L 5 . lbgfg'lbg pQm gsf/fTds k|efj ;dfh, kl/jf/ / JolQmdf k/]sf] 5 . kZrfTo ;Eotf, ;+:s[ltdf wd{n] xfd|f] ;dfhdf lgs} k|efj kfb}{ uO/x]sf] 5 . of] Pp6f r"gf}tL xf] . o; r"gf}ltnfO{ xfdLn] :jLsf/ ug}{ k5{, geP cGttf]uTjf xfd|f wd{ / ;+:s[ltsf] hg' d"n 9fFrf xf] Tof] g} vl08t x'g] l:ylt cfpF5 . /fk|kf -rGb_ xfd|f wd{ / ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug{ Pp6f 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmdsf] yfngL ug]{ c7f]6 ub{5 .
o'jf zlQm / v]ns"b M
!= o'jfx? ;dfgtf / Gofosf kIf3/ tyf kl/jt{gsf zf:jt ;+jfxs x'g . o'jfzlQm /fi6«sf] s0ff{wf/ xf] . /fi6«sf] jt{dfg / eljiosf] /]vf sf]g]{ cxd lhDd]jf/L o'jfx?sf] sfFw / xftdf x'G5 . o'jf zlQm hlt k|v/ / tLj| / ultzLn x'G5 /fi6« klg To;} ultdf lx+8]sf] x'G5 . /fi6«sf] k|f0fsf] k|tLs– o'jf zlQm xf] . To;sf/0f æo'jfzlQm 5, hxfF, ;'gf}nf] eljio 5 ToxfFÆ eGg] gf/f /fk|kf -rGb_ n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 . b'ef{Uojz ;Qfdf /lx/x]sf 7"nf kf6L{x?sf] c:ki6 b[li6 / cb"/blz{tfn] ubf{ o'jf kL9L j]/f]huf/L / u/LjLsf] eofjx rk]6fdf k/]sf] 5 . of] j]/f]huf/L / u/LjLsf] eofjx cj:yfdf /fi6«el/ d} lbg k|ltlbg tLj| ultn] j9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . ;Qfwf/Lx?n] 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmd Nofpg ;s]sf 5}gg\, logLx? 7"nf 7"nf / rsf{rsf{ gf/f lbG5g t/ jf:tljstf pgLx?af6 w]/} 6f9f ePsf] x'G5 . oL kf6L{x?n] g} b]zsf o'jf kLl9nfO{ 6'qm\ofpg] sfd u/]sf] 5g . xfd|f] kf6L{sf] rfxgf 5 /fi6«df ;Dk"0f{ o'jfx? Psh'6 eP/ /fli6«otf k|hftGq / pbf/jfbsf] 5ftfd'lg uf]naGb xf]pg . To;sf/0f æo'jf–o'jf Ps xf]pmF /fi6« lgdf{0f u/L 5f]8f}+Æ eGg] gf/f cl3 a9fpmF .
@= ufpF–ufpFb]lv zx/;Ddsf o'jfx?sf] Pstf / ;zlQms/0f u/L /fi6« lgdf{0flt/ nDsfpg] cleofg ;~rfng ug{ xfd|f] kf6L{sf] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . a]/f]huf/L / ul/jL pGd'ng ug]{ gLlt / sfo{qmd 3f]if0ffkqsf] cfly{s ;+/rgfdf pNn]v eO;s]sf]5 . lzIffdf ;'wf/sf ljifox? klg 3f]if0ffkqdf pNn]lvt 5 . v]ns'bsf] dfWodaf6 o'jfx? zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ljsf; u/L rl/q lgdf{0f u?g h;af6 o'jfx?df hf]z, hfFu/ / pT;fx a9g'sf] ;fy} o'jf–o'jf Ps xf]pg . xfd|f] ufpF3/df k'/fgf P]ltxfl;s / ;f+:s[lts v]ns'bx? klg 5g . o:tf v]ns"bx?nfO{ hg;dIf Nofpg'sf] ;fy} o;sf] cfw'lgsLs/0f ub}{ hfg] tyf o:tf v]ns"bx?nfO{ /fli6«o:t/df dfGotf k|fKt u/fpg] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf] ufpFw/x?sf] k'/fgf v]nx?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g u/L cfˆgf] ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug]{ sfdsf ;fy} cfw'lgs v]nsf] dfWodaf6 v]nf8Lx?df k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtf j9fO{ /fli6«o:t/sf] v]ns'bdf u'0ffTds:t/ sfod u/]/ If]qLo / cGt/f{li6«o:t/df g]kfnsf] gfpF o'jfx?n] cu|k+lQmdf /fvg ;s"g, kf6L{sf] rfxgf / gLlt /x]sf]5 . v]ns"bsf] sfo{qmd ;b/d'sfd;Dd dfq xf]Og k|To]s uflj; / k|To]s ufpF;Dd k'¥ofpg] 7f]; gLlt /fk|kf -rGb_ n] lnPsf] 5 .
pk;xf/ M
/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ -rGb_ /fi6«jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] kIfdf :yfkgfsfnb]lv plePsf] 5 . xfdL /fli6«otfsf] ;Gbe{df ;jf{lws ;Dj]bgzLn / rgfvf] 5f}+ . pbf/jfb / j}B qmflGtsf] dfWodaf6 cfd"n kl/jt{g NofO{ nf]ssNof0fsf/L /fHosf] lgdf{0f ug'{ xfd|f] Wo]o xf] . xfdL jfrf u5f}{– zflGt–;'/Iff sfod u5f}+, dxFuL lgoGq0f ug]{ 5f}+, j]/f]huf/L lgjf/0f ug]{ 5f}, sfg"gL /fHo / l:y/ ;/sf/sf] cg'e"lt lbnfpg] 5f}+, PSsfO;f}+ ztfJbLsf cfd b]zjf;Lx?sf ck]Iffx? ;fsf/ ug{ / b]znfO{ Gofok"0f{ / ultzLn ;dfhdf ?kfGt/ ug{ xfdLn] ljleGg gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx? cfb/0fLo dtbftfx? ;dIf cl3 ;f/]sf 5f}+ . tkfO{x?sf] ef]6 / xfd|f] laho /fi6«jfbL cleofgsf] Ps df]8 x'g]5 . ljZjf; 5, xfdLnfO{ ljZjf; ug'{ x'g]5 / /fli6«o cfGbf]ngnfO{ emg ult lbg' x'g]5 .
o;y{ /fk|kf -rGb_ sf] ædfG5]n] ;dft]sf] xnf]Æ r'gfj lrGxdf dtflwsf/sf] k|of]u u/L /fi6«jfbL cfGbf]ngdf ;xeflu x'g xflb{s cfAxfg ub{5f}+ .
ho /fi6« ho hgtf .